Genital Infections

It often starts with an unusual itch or maybe a different kind of discharge. You might experience a burning sensation while using the bathroom. These could be signs of genital infections, which are actually quite common, yet they’re not often talked about openly. This silence can sometimes create unnecessary worry or lead to delays in seeking the help you might need.

If something feels off, just remember that you’re not alone; there are clear answers available. Genital infections can affect anyone with a vagina at any stage of life. Whether your symptoms are mild or a bit more intense, getting them checked out is the first step toward finding relief with Dr Kavul Mulomb.

What are genital infections?

Genital infections are conditions that impact the vagina, vulva, or reproductive tract. They can be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. Some infections arise from natural imbalances within the body, while others are passed along through sexual contact. There’s a broad spectrum of genital infections, each accompanied by a variety of symptoms. The good news is that many of them are quite easy to treat. The most important step is discovering the underlying cause.

What are the common types of genital infections?

Bacterial vaginosis (BV)

An overgrowth of specific bacteria in the vagina leads to BV. While it’s not classified as a sexually transmitted infection, it tends to be more prevalent among individuals who are sexually active.

Yeast infections

Vaginal yeast infections happen when the fungus Candida grows too much in the vagina. They're quite common and can occur for various reasons, such as using antibiotics, having high blood sugar, or experiencing hormonal changes.

Trichomoniasis

This is a parasitic infection that can be spread through sexual contact. While it often leads to noticeable symptoms, there are times when it can sneak by without causing any symptoms at all.

Chlamydia and gonorrhoea

Both are common bacterial infections that can be transmitted sexually. If not treated, they might impact the cervix, urethra, and even the fallopian tubes.

Genital herpes

This infection, caused by the herpes simplex virus, leads to painful sores or blisters. It can stay dormant for quite a while and may reappear during flare-ups.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Certain types of HPV can lead to genital warts, while others may be associated with changes in the cervix and, in some instances, cancer.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

PID can occur when infections like chlamydia or gonorrhoea reach the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries. If not addressed, it could result in long-lasting effects.

Symptoms to look out for:

You may notice one or more of the following signs:

  • Itching or burning around the vagina or vula
  • Unusal vaginal discharge with a strong odour
  • Pain during or after intercourse
  • Pain during urination
  • Soreness, redness, or swelling around the genitals
  • Bumps, blisters, or ulcers
  • Lower abdominal or pelvic pain
  • Bleeding between menstrual cycles or after intercourse

Some infections might not show noticeable symptoms, which is why regular check-ups and screenings are really important, especially for those who are sexually active. Taking this proactive step helps keep your health in check.

Common causes include:

Changes in vaginal pH

A healthy vagina has a slightly acidic pH. Disruption from douching, soaps, semen, or menstruation can upset this balance and lead to infection.

Sexual contact

Engaging in unprotected sex can sometimes allow bacteria, viruses, or parasites to enter the body, which might result in genital infections.

Antibiotic use

Some medications can, unfortunately, wipe out beneficial bacteria along with the harmful ones, which can lead to yeast growth.

Hormonal changes

The journey of pregnancy, the transition through menopause, and the natural rhythms of menstrual cycles all play a significant role in shaping vaginal health.

Underlying health conditions

If you have conditions like diabetes or a weakened immune system, you might find yourself more susceptible to infections.

How are genital infections diagnosed?

Diagnosing your condition usually starts with a conversation about your symptoms, along with a pelvic exam. Based on the findings, Dr Kavul Mulomb might take a swab or sample to check for any bacteria, yeast, or viruses that could be present.

Other tests may include:

  • Urine tests
  • Vaginal pH testing
  • Microscopy of vaginal secretions
  • STI screening

You can usually receive results swiftly, which means treatment can start without delay.

What treatment options are available?

The approach to treatment depends on what is causing the infection. Thankfully, in most situations, a course of medication will help clear things up. Dr Kavul Mulomb may suggest:

  • Antibiotics for bacterial infections
  • Antifungal creams or pills for yeast infections
  • Antiviral medication for herpes
  • Antiparasitic treatment for trichomoniasis

Taking all your prescribed medications just as your doctor advised is super important, even if you feel better before finishing them. If you've been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection, it’s a good idea to remember that your partner may need treatment too, to help keep you both healthy and prevent reinfection.

Many genital infections are quite simple to treat, but overlooking them can lead to complications like pelvic pain, fertility issues, or a higher risk of other infections.